Here is a vast collection of objective and subjective questions in this question bank of biology 11, chapter 02. Following types of questions have been included here.
- MCQs (Textbook Exercise)
- MCQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
- SQs Topic-wise (Previous Boards Essentials + Textbook Conceptuals)
- LQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
You can find solutions to these questions from our publication, “An Insight Into Objective Biology-11”.
MCQs (Textbook Exercise)
Each question has four possible answers. Tick the correct one.
Q.01: Animals obtain carbohydrates mainly from: (RWP-17)
(a) Glucose
(b) Starch
(c) Sucrose
(d) Glycogen
Q.02: Peptide bond is a: (DGK-14)(BWP-16,17)
(a) C–N link
(b) C–O link
(c) N–H link
(d) C–H link
Q.03: Globular proteins differ from fibrous proteins in: (LHR-15)
(a) Having amino acids
(b) Their repeating units joined by peptide bonds
(c) Being soluble in aqueous medium
(d) Being non-crystalline
Q.04: Which of the following amounts of bases are more likely to be found in an organism?
(a) Adenine 30.9% & cytosine 30.7%
(b) Guanine 27.5% & adenine 27.8%
(c) Cytosine 19.8% & thymine 20.0%
(d) Adenine 32% & thymine 31.9%
Q.05: Amino acids are arranged in proper sequence during protein synthesis according to the instructions transcribed on: (FSL-17)
(a) Transfer RNA
(b) Ribosomal RNA
(c) Messenger RNA
(d) DNA
MCQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
01: The branch of biology which deals with the study of chemical components and chemical processes in living organism is called: (FSL-21)
(a) Biochemistry
(b) Biogenetics
(c) Bioecology
(d) Biology
02: The percentage of water in bacterial cell is about: (BWP-14)(LHR-16,21)(MLT-19)
(a) 15%
(b) 18%
(c) 50%
(d) 70%
03: The percentage of DNA in a mammalian cell is: (MLT-21)
(a) 1%
(b) 0.25%
(c) 2%
(d) 4%
04: The percentage by weight of RNA in a bacterial cell is: (DGK-18)
(a) 0.25%
(b) 2%
(c) 3%
(d) 6%
05: Chemical link between catabolism and anabolism is: (FSL-15)DGK-19)
(a) Bioenergetics
(b) Respiration
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) ATP
06: The basic element of organic compound is: (AJK-16)
(a) Hydrogen
(b) Carbon
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Oxygen
07: Carbon is: (GJR-14)
(a) Divalent
(b) Trivalent
(c) Monovalent
(d) Tetravalent
08: The potential source of energy for cellular activities is: (DGK-15)(AJK-22)
(a) C — H bond
(b) C — N bond
(c) C — O bond
(d) C — C bond
09: Which one serves to build macromolecules? (SWL-19)
(a) ATP
(b) Starch
(c) Glucose
(d) Keratin
10: Human tissue has 85% water in the cells of: (GJR-14)(FSL-19)(MLT-21)
(a) Brain
(b) Bone
(c) Blood
(d) Liver
11: Human tissue contains about 20% water in: (GJR-19)
(a) Brain cells
(b) Bone cells
(c) kidney
(d) Skin
12: The percentage of water in human bone cell is: (BWP-18)(GJR-21)
(a) 18%
(b) 19%
(c) 20%
(d) 25%
13: Which of the given values is the heat capacity of water? (SWL-21)
(a) 1.0
(b) 2.0
(c) 3.0
(d) 4.0
14: The amount of heat absorbed when liquid changes into gas, expressed as calories per gram vaporized, is called: (LHR-16)
(a) Heat capacity
(b) Specific heat
(c) Heat of vaporization
(d) Latent heat
15: The specific heat of vaporization of water is: (GJR-15)(LHR-17)(RWP-19)
(a) 457 kcal/kg
(b) 574 kcal/kg
(c) 547 kcal/kg
(d) 475 kcal/kg
16: The compounds which on hydrolysis yield polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone subunits are: (MLT-16,17)(LHR-22)
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Proteins
(c) Lipids
(d) Nucleic acids
17: The most abundant carbohydrate in nature is: (MLT-16)(FSL-16)(LHR-17)(GJR-18)
(a) Starch
(b) Cellulose
(c) Glucose
(d) Maltose
18: Dextrin, agar, chitin and pectin are: (BWP-14)
(a) Carbohydrate
(b) Lipid
(c) Protein
(d) Nucleic acid
19: Which is not a carbohydrate? (FSL-21)
(a) Wood
(b) Cotton
(c) Paper
(d) Wax
20: Which of the following types of atoms do not occur in carbohydrates? (FSL-14)
(a) Carbon
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Oxygen
21: Monosaccharides which are rare in nature and occur in some bacteria are: (BWP-15)(MLT-17)
(a) Trioses
(b) Tetroses
(c) Pentoses
(d) Hexoses
22: The glucose forms a six cornered ring when dissolved in water is called: (GJR-22)
(a) Glucofuranose
(b) Ribofuranose
(c) Glucopyranose
(d) Ribopyranose
23: Biologically, the most common hexose is: (SRG-22)
(a) Fructose
(b) Glucose
(c) Galactose
(d) Mannose
24: In free state, glucose is present in: (MLT-14)(RWP-15)
(a) Dates
(b) Amylose
(c) Glycogen
(d) Cellulose
25: Our blood normally contains _________ glucose. (MLT-14,19)(RWP-14)
(a) 0.6%
(b) 0.8%
(c) 0.06%
(d) 0.08%
26: Animals obtain carbohydrates mainly from: (RWP-17)
(a) Glycogen
(b) Glucose
(c) Starch
(d) Sucrose
27: Amount of solar energy required to synthesize 10 grams of glucose is: (SWL-14)(FSL-16,17)(SRG-19)(BWP-19)
(a) 574 kcal/g
(b) 550 kcal/g
(c) 717.6 kcal/g
(d) 717.6 kcal
28: Most of the monosaccharides form ring structure when in: (SRG-17)
(a) Water
(b) Solution
(c) Solvent
(d) Stomach
29: The covalent bond between two monosaccharides is called: (RWP-14,16)(LHR-14,18)(BWP-15)(DGK-17)
(a) Peptide bond
(b) Glycosidic bond
(c) Hydrogen bond
(d) Ester bond
30: Lactose is a: (SRG-15)
(a) Monosaccharide
(b) Oligosaccharide
(c) Polysaccharide
(d) Pectin
31: Glycosidic bond is a: (SRG-16)
(a) C — N linkage
(b) C — O linkage
(c) N — H linkage
(d) C — H linkage
32: Which one of the followings is not a polysaccharide? (SRG-14)(FSL-14)(RWP-16)
(a) Chitin
(b) Cutin
(c) Pectin
(d) Dextrin
33: Which one of the followings is not a polysaccharide? (LHR-14)
(a) Glycogen
(b) Lactose
(c) Starch
(d) Dextrin
34: Cotton is the pure form of: (GJR-16)(LHR-19)(FSL-22)
(a) Cellulose
(b) Glycogen
(c) Waxes
(d) Amino acid
35: Starches, with iodine, give colour: (LHR-14)
(a) Blue
(b) Red
(c) Green
(d) Yellow
36: Amylose starch is: (RWP-16)
(a) Unbranched and soluble in cold water
(b) Branched and soluble in cold water
(c) Branched and soluble in organic solvent
(d) Unbranched and soluble in hot water
37: Which one is the most common polysaccharide on earth? (SRG-14)
(a) Starch
(b) Cellulose
(c) Glycogen
(d) Dextrin
38: The chief form of carbohydrate stored in animal body is: (SRG-14)
(a) Starch
(b) Glycogen
(c) Cellulose
(d) Glucose
39: Glycogen is found abundantly in: (AJK-15)
(a) Liver
(b) Muscles
(c) Kidney
(d) ‘a’ & ‘b’
40: Glycogen gives colour with iodine: (SRG-18)
(a) Black
(b) Red
(c) Blue
(d) Green
41: The heterogeneous group of compounds related to fatty acids is called: (GJR-17)(RWP-21)(LHR-21)
(a) Protein
(b) Lipids
(c) Glucose
(d) Carbohydrates
42: Fats are insoluble in: (AJK-21)(RWP-22)
(a) Ether
(b) Alcohol
(c) Water
(d) Chloroform
43: Fats and oils have specific gravity of about: (DGK-14)(LHR-22)
(a) 0.8
(b) 0.10
(c) 0.12
(d) 0.16
44: Lipid molecules store double amount of energy as compared to same amount of carbohydrates due to high proportion of: (DGK-21)
(a) C — N bond
(b) C — H bond
(c) C — O bond
(d) C — C bond
45: Which one of the followings is not a lipid? (SWL-16)
(a) Rubber
(b) Chitin
(c) Cutin
(d) Cholesterol
46: Identify the unsaturated fatty acid. (SWL-22)
(a) Acetic acid
(b) Butyric acid
(c) Palmitic acid
(d) Oleic acid
47: The melting point of palmitic acid is: (SWL-17)(FSL-18)
(a) –8oC
(b) 34oC
(c) 63.1oC
(d) 55.6oC
48: Phosphatidylcholine is one of the common: (LHR-15)
(a) Phospholipids
(b) Sphingolipids
(c) Glycolipids
(d) Terpenoids
49: Which of the followings is a lipid? (AJK-17)
(a) Chitin
(b) Rubber
(c) Starch
(d) Sucrose
50: _________ is not a lipid. (GJR-22)
(a) Oil
(b) Wax
(c) Cholesterol
(d) Maltose
51: _________ is not a terpenoid: (MLT-18)
(a) Rubber
(b) Steroid
(c) Terpene
(d) Waxes
52: The most abundant organic compound in mammalian cell: (FSL-15)
(a) Water
(b) Proteins
(c) Carbohydrates
(d) Lipids
53: Types of amino acids found to occur in cells and tissues is about: (GJR-21)
(a) 150
(b) 140
(c) 155
(d) 170
54: The molecule formed by two amino acids is called: (GJR-16)
(a) Peptide linkage
(b) Dipeptide
(c) Peptide bond
(d) Both ‘a’ & ‘c’
55: All the amino acids contain an amino group and a carboxylic group attached to the same: (DGK-22)
(a) Oxygen atom
(b) Nitrogen atom
(c) Hydrogen atom
(d) Carbon atom
56: Amino acids are linked to each other by: (DGK-16)
(a) Ester bond
(b) Glycosidic bond
(c) Hydrophobic bond
(d) Peptide bond
57: The amino acids are mainly different from each other due to the type and nature of: (DGK-16)
(a) R-group
(b) Amino group
(c) Carboxyl group
(d) Peptide bond
58: The first scientist who determined the sequence of amino acids in a protein molecule was: (RWP-15)(BWP-21)
(a) E. Chatton
(b) F. Meischer
(c) F. Sanger
(d) J. Watson
59: Total number of amino acids in insulin are: (LHR-19)
(a) 51
(b) 141
(c) 151
(d) 50
60: The alpha chain of haemoglobin has amino acids: (FSL-17)
(a) 174
(b) 171
(c) 141
(d) 146
61: Helical shape of polypeptide is due to the presence within the molecule: (DGK-15)
(a) Covalent bond
(b) Hydrogen bond
(c) Disulphide bond
(d) Peptide bond
62: In the α-helix protein structure, each turn of the helix has amino acids: (RWP-17)(FSL-19)(MLT-22)
(a) 3.6
(b) 4.6
(c) 5.6
(d) 6.6
63: Which type of bond is not formed in maintaining tertiary structure of proteins? (DGK-14)
(a) Ionic
(b) Hydrogen
(c) Disulphide
(d) Hydrophobic interactions
64: Haemoglobin molecule exhibits which structural organization? (DGK-21)
(a) Primary structure
(b) Secondary structure
(c) Tertiary structure
(d) Quaternary structure
65: Keratin is an example of fibrous protein present in: (LHR-16)(GJR-17)(RWP-18)
(a) Nails and hair
(b) Blood
(c) Muscles
(d) Bones
66: Haemoglobin is a: (MLT-16)
(a) Fibrous protein
(b) Coiled protein
(c) Globular protein
(d) Double coiled protein
67: Silk fiber, myosin, fibrin and keratin are examples of: (AJK-17)
(a) Fibrous proteins
(b) Tough proteins
(c) Oval proteins
(d) Globular proteins
68: Enzymes, antibodies, hormones & haemoglobin are examples of: (MLT-17)
(a) Ovular proteins
(b) Globular proteins
(c) Fibrous proteins
(d) Tough proteins
69: Which of the followings is not a fibrous protein? (DGK-18)
(a) Keratin
(b) Myosin
(c) Fibrin
(d) Hormones
70: A compound formed by the combination of a nitrogen base and pentose sugar is called as: (AJK-14)(MLT-15)
(a) Nucleotide
(b) Nucleoside
(c) Polynucleotide
(d) Polypeptide
71: Hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine are: (LHR-18)
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Five
(d) Two
72: NAD is a: (LHR-14)
(a) Trisaccharide
(b) Purine
(c) Terpenoid
(d) Dinucleotide
73: The percentage of tRNA in a cell is: (MLT-16)
(a) 3 – 4%
(b) 40 – 50%
(c) 80%
(d) 10 – 20%
74: The percentage of ribosomal RNA in the cell is: (SRG-15)
(a) 4%
(b) 20%
(c) 50%
(d) 80%
75: Ribosomal RNA is synthesized and stored in: (GJR-16)
(a) Nucleolus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Chloroplast
76: 80% of total RNA in the cell comprises of: (DGK-17)
(a) mRNA
(b) tRNA
(c) rRNA
(d) RNA–DNA hybrid
77: The messenger RNA of the total cell RNA is about: (SWL-14,15)
(a) 3 – 4%
(b) 1 – 2%
(c) 2 – 4%
(d) 3 – 5%
78: Which is not a conjugated molecule? (GJR-14)
(a) Glycoprotein
(b) Glycolipid
(c) Polysaccharide
(d) Lipoprotein
79: Chemical nature of most cellular secretions is: (SRG-16)(MLT-18)(SWL-18)
(a) Proteins
(b) Lipids
(c) Carbohydrates
(d) Glycoproteins
80: Conjugated histone proteins are: (MLT-15)
(a) Structural & regulatory
(b) Structural onl
(c) Regulatory only
(d) Transport proteins
81: Nucleohistones are present in: (BWP-14)
(a) Nucleoli
(b) Chromosomes
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Mitochondria
SHORT QUESTIONS
Introduction to Biochemistry
Q.01: What is biochemistry? Give its importance. (GJR-14,15)(FSL-15)
Q.02: Define metabolism. Name its two processes. (BWP-17)
Q.03: Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism. (AJK-14)(RWP-21)(GJR-21)(DGK-21)
Importance of Carbon
Q.04: Why glycosidic and peptide bonds are important for living organisms? (MLT-22)
Q.05: Describe the importance of bonds of C with different elements.
Importance of Water
Q.06: What is the percentage of water in human brain cells?
Q.07: What do you know about ionization of water? (DGK-19)
Q.08: Define specific heat capacity of water? Give its importance. (LHR-16)(MLT-18)(DGK-18,18)(BWP-18)(FSL-19)
Q.09: Define heat of vaporization? What is heat of vaporization of water? (MLT-18)(LHR-18)
Q.10: Describe the protective role of water. (GJR-17)(FSL-19,21)
Carbohydrates
Q.11: Define carbohydrates? Why are they called so? OR What is the chemical definition of carbohydrates? Give its general formula. (LHR-21)
Q.12: Name the carbohydrates suitable as food for men.
Q.13: Name two reducing sugars. Also mention name of most familiar disaccharide. (FSL-16)
Q.14: What are monosaccharides? Give examples. (GJR-18)
Q.15: Differentiate between aldo-sugars and keto-sugars.
Q.16: Draw structural formulas of ribofuranose & glucopyranose. (LHR-15,18)(RWP-16)(FSL-18)(GJR-19)
Q.17: What are oligosaccharides? What are their types? (SWL-15)(MLT-16)(LHR-17)(RWP-17)
Q.18: What is the effect of hydrolysis on oligosaccharides? (GJR-15)
Q.19: What is glycosidic bond? (SRG-15)(LHR-16)(AJK-18)
Q.20: Differentiate between amylose and amylopectin. (SRG-14,19)(RWP-18,19)(BWP-19)
Q.21: Write a note on glycogen. (BWP-14)
Q.22: Why is glycogen called animal starch? (AJK-15)
Q.23: Which type of carbohydrate is stored in our liver and muscle cells? Give its two characteristics. (RWP-22)
Q.24: Which role is played by cellulose digesting enzyme in plant eating animals? Discuss briefly. (LHR-22)
Lipids
Q.25: What are lipids? OR Write any two properties of lipids. (MLT-14,21)
Q.26: Why are fats considered as high energy compounds? (GJR-14,16)(MLT-16)
Q.27: Why lipids store double amount of energy as compared to the same amount of any carbohydrate? (SWL-14)(LHR-22)
Q.28: What are acylglycerols?
Q.29: Why glycerol is important for the synthesis of triglycerides? (SRG-22)
Q.30: What is an ester? Express it with equation. (BWP-14)
Q.31: How do the fatty acids in animals differ from that in plants?
Q.32: Differentiate between fats and oils. (GJR-16)
Q.33: Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. (SRG-15)(LHR-15)
Q.34: What are waxes? (RWP-15)(LHR-16)(DGK-17)
Q.35: What are lipids? Give two functions of waxes. (DGK-15)
Q.36: What are phospholipids? What is their function?
Q.37: Write down structural formula of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin). (SWL-14)(MLT-15)
Q.38: What are terpenoids? Give examples. (RWP-14)(SWL-19)
Q.39: Give importance of lipids. (AJK-16)
Q.40: Why are lipids important to living organisms? (GJR-22)
Proteins
Q.41: What are proteins?
Q.42: Give four uses or functions of proteins. (BWP-15)(LHR-21)
Q.43: How amino acids differ from each other? (MLT-16)
Q.44: Give general formula of an amino acid. (DGK-16)(MLT-19)(AJK-19,21)
Q.45: What is a peptide bond? How is it formed? (BWP-14,15)(DGK-17)(LHR-16,16,17)(GJR-21)
Q.46: What is peptide and polypeptide bond? (FSL-21)
Q.47: Draw the structural formula of glycylalanine (a dipeptide). (SWL-21)
Q.48: Differentiate between glycosidic and peptide bond. (SRG-15)(GJR-15,16)(LHR-16)
Q.49: What is the composition of insulin?
Q.50: What did F. Sanger conclude about insulin? (LHR-17)
Q.51: What is the composition of haemoglobin?
Q.52: How many chains of amino acids are present in amino haemoglobin, also mention number of amino acids in haemoglobin. (MLT-15)
Q.53: Why haemoglobin is considered a protein having quaternary structure? (DGK-22)
Q.54: What is sickle cell haemoglobin or anemia?
Q.55: Why proper arrangement of amino acids is necessary for proteins? Give an example. (SWL-22)
Q.56: Compare alpha helical structure with beta pleated sheets in proteins. (GJR-16)
Q.57: What is tertiary structure of proteins?
Q.58: What is quaternary structure of proteins?
Q.59: How fibrous proteins differ from globular proteins? (GJR-15)
Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
Q.60: What are purines and pyrimidines. (SWL-14)
Q.61: Differentiate between purines and pyrimidines. (MLT-21)
Q.62: Nucleic acids are the polymers of units of which components? (LHR-14)
Q.63: Differentiate between nucleotide and nucleoside. (BWP-15,16,21)(RWP-17)(DGK-21)
Q.64: Draw the structure of ATP molecule.
Q.65: What is NAD? (SWL-16)
Q.66: What is phosphodiester linkage? Sketch. (SWL-17)
Q.67: Write down two differences between DNA and RNA. (FSL-14)(BWP-15)(AJK-16)
Q.68: What is transcription?
Q.69: What is the function of ribosomal RNA? (FSL-15)
Q.70: What is the function of transfer RNA?
Q.71: What is the function of messenger RNA? (MLT-19)
Conjugated Molecules
Q.72: What are conjugated molecules? Give some examples. (AJK-15)(DGK-16)(SRG-16)(MLT-17)(FSL-17)(SWL-18)(LHR-19,19)
Q.73: What are nucleoproteins? Give their functions.
Q.74: What are nucleohistones? (DGK-17)(SRG-18)
Q.75: How basic proteins play their role in combined form with nucleic acids? (FSL-22)
Long Questions
Importance of Carbon
Q.01: Why carbon occupies the central position in the skeleton of life? (RWP-15)(MLT-16)
Q.02: Explain importance of carbon in skeleton of life. (DGK-16)(SRG-19)
Q.03: Explain importance of carbon in living organisms. (BWP-17)(DGK-18)(FSL-22)
Importance of Water
Q.04: Describe importance of water for life. (DGK-22)
Q.05: Explain various aspects of importance of water. (MLT-21)
Q.06: Discuss water as a medium of life. Also give its importance. OR Give biological importance of water. (LHR-14,15)(GJR-14,15,22)(DGK-15,17)(SWL-15)(SRG-16)(RWP-17)(MLT-18)(BWP-19)
Q.07: Describe any four properties of water. (LHR-15)
Carbohydrates
Q.08: Write a note on carbohydrates. (FSL-21)(DGK-21)
Q.09: What are carbohydrates? Give details of monosaccharides with suitable structural illustrations. (FSL-19)
Q.10: What are monosaccharides. Explain. (BWP-16)(GJR-18)(DGK-19)
Q.11: Write a note on oligosaccharides. (AJK-15)
Q.12: What are polysaccharides? Give details of some biologically important polysaccharides. (LHR-22)
Q.13: What are polysaccharides? Describe its two different types. (BWP-15)(GJR-16)(DGK-16)(LHR-16,17,19)(RWP-19)(AJK-19)
Lipids
Q.14: Write a short note on lipids. (LHR-21)
Q.15: Write a note on acylglycerols. (GJR-14,17)(MLT-15,19)(LHR-15,18)(SRG-16)(BWP-18)(FSL-18)
Q.16: What are phospholipids? Also give their structural formula. (GJR-15)(MLT-18)
Q.17: How phospholipids are formed? Also draw the structure of lecithin. (MLT-22)
Proteins
Q.18: What functions are performed by proteins in the bodies of living organisms? (SRG-15)(LHR-16)(RWP-16)(GJR-16)
Q.19: Write a note on amino acids. (SWL-21)
Q.20: Describe the structure of amino acids and importance of proteins. (SWL-22)
Q.21: What are proteins? Describe primary structure of proteins. (RWP-21)(FSL-21)
Q.22: Explain the primary structure of protein with examples of insulin and haemoglobin. (SRG-22)
Q.23: Discuss primary and secondary structure of proteins. (SRG-14,15,18)(AJK-16,21)(FSL-16)(SWL-17)(DGK-18,21,22)(LHR-19)(GJR-19,21)(MLT-19,21)
Q.24: Describe secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. (MLT-17)(LHR-21)
Q.25: Classify proteins according to their structure.
Q.26: Describe/Compare fibrous and globular proteins. (BWP-14)(SWL-16)(RWP-17,22)
Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
Q.27: Write down a note on nucleic acids. (GJR-21)(BWP-21)
Q.28: Illustrate chemical composition of DNA. (DGK-17)
Q.29: Discuss Watson and Crick model of DNA. (LHR-17,18)
Q.30: Differentiate between DNA and RNA. (FSL-15,17)
Q.31: Give composition and types of RNA in detail.
Q.32: Write a note on various types of RNA. (FSL-19)(SWL-19)
Q.33: What is RNA? Give the functions of its various types. (BWP-14)(FSL-14)(DGK-15)(RWP-18)(AJK-18)(LHR-22)
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