Here is a vast collection of objective and subjective questions in this question bank of biology 11, chapter 04. Following types of questions have been included here.
- MCQs (Textbook Exercise)
- MCQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
- SQs Topic-wise (Previous Boards Essentials + Textbook Conceptuals)
- LQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
You can find solutions to these questions from our publication, “An Insight Into Objective Biology-11”.
MCQs (Textbook Exercise)
Q. Each question has four possible answers. Tick the correct one.
01: Which statement about the nuclear envelope is not true?
(a) It has pores.
(b) It is a double membrane structure.
(c) Its inner membrane bears ribosomes.
(d) RNA and some proteins pass through it.
02: Which statement about plastids is true? (MLT-15)
(a) They are surrounded by a single membrane.
(b) They are the power house of cell.
(c) They are found in all organisms.
(d) They contain DNA and ribosomes.
03: Which type of cell would probably be most appropriate to study lysosomes?
(a) Phagocytic white blood cells
(b) Mesophyll cell of leaf
(c) Nerve cell
(d) Muscle cell
04: Which of the following pairs of structure-function is mismatched?
(a) Ribosomes; Protein synthesis
(b) Nucleolus; ribosomes production
(c) Golgi; muscle contraction
(d) Lysosomes; intracellular digestion
05: Which of the following statements about bound ribosomes is correct?
(a) They are structurally different from free ribosomes.
(b) They are enclosed in their own membrane.
(c) They are concentrated in the cisternal space of rough ER. (d) They are attached to cisternal surface.
MCQs (Previous Boards Essentials)
Q. Each question has four possible answers. Tick the correct one.
01: Cell was discovered by: (FSL-15)
(a) Robert Brown
(b) Lorenz Oken
(c) Robert Hooke
(d) Schleiden
02: Micrographia is the famous publication of: (RWP-14)(AJK-18,22)
(a) Robert Hooke
(b) Robert Brown
(c) Robert Koch
(d) Rudolph Virchow
03: Robert Hooke reported his work in his famous publication known as: (LHR-18)
(a) Micrographia
(b) Biologia
(c) Zoologia
(d) Britanica
04: In 1831, the presence of nucleus in the cell was reported by: (GJR-14)(FSL-16)(MLT-17)
(a) Robert Koch
(b) Robert Hooke
(c) Robert Mugabe
(d) Robert Brown
05: Robert Brown reported the presence of: (LHR-16)
(a) Lysosome
(b) Ribosome
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Nucleus
06: Omnis Cellula-e-cellula was hypothesized by: (MLT-16)
(a) Schleiden
(b) Rudolph Virchow
(c) Louis Pasteur
(d) Lorenz Oken
07: Cell theory was formulated by: (LHR-14)
(a) Watson & Crick
(b) Schleiden & Schwann
(c) Lorenz Oken
(d) Louis Pasteur
08: The resolution of human naked eye is: (DGK-15)(GJR-17)
(a) 1 mm
(b) 1 μm
(c) 1 nm
(d) 1 cm
09: The resolution power of a typical compound microscope is: (AJK-16,17)
(a) 300X
(b) 1.0 μm
(c) 2.0 μm
(d) 2–4 Å
10: Resolution power of electron microscope ranges between: (FSL-19)
(a) 1–2 μm
(b) 1–5 mm
(c) 1–3 Å
(d) 2–4 Å
11: The cells which transmit impulses are: (DGK-16)
(a) Nerve cells
(b) Blood cells
(c) Kidney cells
(d) Bone cells
12: The cells which secrete their hormones are: (SRG-15)
(a) Blood cells
(b) Nerve cells
(c) Gland cells
(d) Bone cells
13: Parenchymatous cells are specialized for: (DGK-19)
(a) Store food
(b) Support
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Growth
14: The surplus food in plants is stored in: (GJR-22)
(a) Photosynthetic cells
(b) Collenchymatous cells
(c) Parenchymatous cells
(d) Sclerenchymatous cells
15: The percentage of lipids in plasma membrane is: (LHR-17)
(a) 60–80% (b) 30–60%
(c) 20–40% (d) 10–20%
16: Cell membrane is chemically composed of proteins: (MLT-19)
(a) 10–20% (b) 20–30%
(c) 40–50% (d) 60–80%
17: In many animal cells, the cell membrane helps to take in materials by infoldings in the form of vacuoles is called: (MLT-14)
(a) Endocytosis
(b) Exocytosis
(c) Osmosis
(d) Cyclosis
18: The process of taking in liquid material by cell membrane is called: (SWL-17)
(a) Phagocytosis
(b) Exocytosis
(c) Pinocytosis
(d) Lymphocytosis
19: Cell wall is secreted by: (GJR-14,15)(AJK-19)
(a) Protoplasm
(b) Nucleoplasm
(c) Golgi complex
(d) Ribosome
20: Which is found in primary wall? (FSL-14)
(a) Silica
(b) Pectin
(c) Cutin
(d) Lignin
21: All are related to secondary cell wall except: (FSL-14)
(a) Cutin
(b) Silica
(c) Waxes
(d) Cellulose
22: Chitin is found in the cell wall of: (DGK-17)
(a) Algae
(b) Bacteria
(c) Fungi
(d) Plant
23: Cell wall of prokaryotic organisms lacks cellulose; instead of cellulose, its strengthening material is: (GJR-14)(BWP-14)
(a) Silica
(b) Wax
(c) Cutin
(d) Murein
24: The soluble part of cytoplasm is called: (BWP-17)(GJR-19)
(a) Cisternae
(b) Gel
(c) Polysome
(d) Cytosol
25: Harmful substances are detoxified in the liver cells by: (SRG-19)
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) Nucleolus
26: Cisternae are associated with: (RWP-19)
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Chloroplast
27: A structure, found attached to membrane in cell, consists of two parts. Name it. (DGK-15)
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Lysosome
(d) Ribosome
28: Palade was the first person to study: (DGK-18)
(a) Nucleus
(b) Peroxisome
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Mitochondria
29: Ribosomes are particles of: (SRG-15)
(a) Riboglyco-protein
(b) Riboglyco-lipid
(c) Ribonucleo-protein
(d) Ribonucleo-lipid
30: A group of ribosomes attached to mRNA is known as: (FSL-15)(SRG-18)
(a) Lysosome
(b) Peroxisome
(c) Polysome
(d) Glyoxysome
31: The attachment of two subunits of ribosomes is controlled by: (GJR-17)(FSL-19)
(a) Ca2+
(b) Mg2+
(c) K+
(d) Fe2+
32: In eukaryotic cells, the new ribosomes are assembled in: (DGK-15)(SRG-17)
(a) Nucleus
(b) Cytoplasm
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Nucleolus
33: The factory of ribosomes is the: (LHR-19)
(a) Nucleolus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Vacuole
34: Proteins are synthesized by: (SWL-18)
(a) Polysomes
(b) Nucleosomes
(c) Lysosomes
(d) Ribosomes
35: Golgi apparatus is concerned with the cell: (SWL-14)(DGK-16)(MLT-18)
(a) Division
(b) Lysis
(c) Secretion
(d) Storage
36: The outer surface of cisternae of Golgi complex is: (SRG-22)
(a) Concave
(b) Convex
(c) Flattened
(d) Round
37: Most of the cell secretions are __________ in nature. (LHR-15)
(a) Proteins
(b) Lipids
(c) Carbohydrates
(d) Glycoproteins
38: De Duve discovered cell organelle: (LHR-14,18)
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Lysosome
(c) Plastids
(d) Golgi complex
39: The digestive vacuoles and autophagosomes are also called: (SRG-15)
(a) Primary lysosomes
(b) Secondary lysosomes
(c) Endocytosis
(d) All above
40: Any foreign particle that gains entry in the cell is immediately engulfed by: (DGK-14)
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Peroxisomes
(d) Glyoxysomes
41: Tay-Sach’s disease is because of the absence of an enzyme that is involved in the catabolism of: (SERG-14)(FSL-18)
(a) Polysaccharides
(b) Oligosaccharides
(c) Proteins
(d) Lipids
42: Tay-Sach’s disease results due to the accumulation, in brain cells, of: (LHR-14)(RWP-18)
(a) Mg2+ ions
(b) Glucose
(c) Proteins
(d) Lipids
43: The diameter of peroxisome is approximately: (DGK-17)(GJR-22)
(a) 0.2 μm
(b) 0.3 μm
(c) 0.4 μm
(d) 0.5 μm
44: Glyoxysomes are most abundant in: (MLT-18)
(a) Human blood
(b) Plant seedlings
(c) Liver cells
(d) Microorganisms
45: The enzymes involved in glyoxylate cycle are located in: (BWP-17)
(a) Golgi bodies
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Glyoxysomes
(d) Peroxisomes
46: What is not true about microfilaments? (GJR-15)
(a) Actin
(b) Amoeboid movement
(c) Cyclosis
(d) Linked with outer surface of plasma membrane
47: The protein present in microtubules is: (MLT-17)(BWP-18)
(a) Actin
(b) Tetroses
(c) Tubulin
(d) Tropomyosin
48: Integration of cellular compartments is a function of: (SWL-19)
(a) Intermediate filament
(b) Microfilament
(c) Microtubules
(d) Centrioles
49: Centriole is associated with: (RWP-16)
(a) DNA synthesis
(b) Spindle formation
(c) Respiration
(d) Reproduction
50: The mitochondria functions in: (LHR-14)
(a) Lipid storage
(b) Protein synthesis
(c) Photosynthesis
(d) Cellular respiration
51: The organelle involved in the synthesis of ATP is: (LHR-14)
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Nucleus
(c) Centriole
(d) Mitochondria
52: Infoldings of inner membrane of mitochondria is called as: (BWP-15)(FSL-17)
(a) Cisternae
(b) Cristae
(c) Granum
(d) Thylakoid
53: Cristae are found in: (RWP-15)
(a) Golgi complex
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Mitochondria
54: Plastids are only found in: (BWP-16,17)
(a) Bacteria
(b) Viruses
(c) Plant cell
(d) Animal cell
55: Membrane bounded green pigment containing bodies present in the cell are called: (DGK-14)
(a) Plastids
(b) Chloroplasts
(c) Chromoplasts
(d) Leucoplasts
56: The fluid that surrounds the thylakoid is called: (SWL-16)(MLT-17,19)
(a) Matrix
(b) Stroma
(c) Medium
(d) Cytoplasm
57: Chloroplast has a double membranous envelope that encloses dense fluid filled region known as: (LHR-18)
(a) Matrix
(b) Stroma
(c) Thylakoid
(d) Granum
58: They impart colors other than green: (FSL-17)
(a) Chloroplasts
(b) Chromoplasts
(c) Leucoplasts
(d) None
59: Chromoplasts impart colours to the plants other than: (AJK-15)
(a) Yellow
(b) Red
(c) Green
(d) Blue
60: The nuclear membrane is continuous with: (SWL-22)
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Golgi bodies
(c) Lysosomes
(d) Peroxisomes
61: The number of nuclear pores in undifferentiated cells (such as eggs) are: (LHR-22)
(a) 3000
(b) 40,000
(c) 5000
(d) 30,000
62: Erythrocytes have pores per nucleus: (SRG-16)(MLT-16)
(a) 3000
(b) 30000
(c) 6 to 8
(d) 3 to 4
63: A chromosome is composed of: (MLT-14)
(a) RNA
(b) DNA
(c) ATP
(d) ADP
64: The number of chromosomes in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is: (RWP-17)(FSL-22)
(a) 16
(b) 26
(c) 8
(d) 48
65: The number of chromosomes in the sperm of Drosophila is: (RWP-14,22)
(a) 8
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 23
66: The nucleolus synthesizes and stores: (DGK-22)
(a) tRNA
(b) rRNA
(c) mRNA
(d) DNA
67: Ribosomal RNA is synthesized and stored in: (GJR-14)
(a) Nucleolus
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Chloroplast
68: Organelle found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is: (SRG-16)
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplasts
(d) Lysosomes
69: The size of prokaryotic ribosome is: (SRG-15)
(a) 30S
(b) 50S
(c) 70S
(d) 80S
SHORT QUESTIONS
Q.01: Define cell. How was cell discovered? (DGK-18)
EMERGENCE AND IMPLICATION OF CELL THEORY
Q.02: Write name of Robert Hooke’s publication on cell discovery. (LHR-16)
Q.03: What is the work of Lorenz Oken? (SRG-16)
Q.04: What was Virchow’s hypothesis?
Q.05: What is abiogenesis?
Q.06: What is cell theory? Who proposed it? OR Give salient features or postulates of cell theory. (LHR-14,19)(RWP-15,16)(SRG-15,16,19)(BWP-16,17)(FSL-17,19)(DGK-18)(SWL-18)(GJR-19)
Q.07: Define resolution of eye. OR What is meant by resolution of microscope? OR What is resolution of human eye and electron microscope? (DGK-16,17)(LHR-18)
Q.08: Differentiate between resolution and magnification of the microscope. OR What is magnification? OR How is the magnification power of microscope calculated? (SRG-16)(LHR-16,19)
Q.09: What is division of labour? (SRG-18)
Q.10: What is the function of xylem and phloem? (GJR-16)
Q.11: What is the function of parenchyma and xylem cells? (GJR-16)
Q.12: Give functional difference between sclerenchymatous and parenchymatous cells. (AJK-16)
STRUCTURE OF A GENERALIZED CELL
Q.13: What is cell fractionation? (AJK-15,19)(BWP-19)
Q.14: What is meant by centrifugation and ultracentrifugation?
Q.15: Describe the fact that centrifugation is necessary for cellular fractionation. (SWL-22)
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Q.16: What is plasma membrane? Give its chemical composition? (BWP-15)(DGK-18)
Q.17: What is unit membrane structure?
Q.18: What is fluid mosaic model? (LHR-14,17)(GJR-16)(DGK-17,19)
Q.19: Define semi-permeable or differentially permeable membrane. (BWP-14)(MLT-16)(RWP-19)
Q.20: How cell membrane is differentially permeable? Justify it. (LHR-22)(DGK-22)
Q.21: Why plasma membrane does not allow all the substances to cross it? (LHR-22)
Q.22: What is active transport?
Q.23: What is endocytosis? What are its types? (SRG-14)(LHR-14,16,16)
Q.24: Differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis. (GJR-15)(FSL-15,16)(LHR-16)(DGK-18)
Q.25: Describe various movements involved in the transport of materials across the cell membrane.
CELL WALL
Q.26: Define cell wall. Also give chemical composition of primary and secondary cell walls. OR Compare the chemical composition of primary and secondary cell walls. (GJR-14,17)(FSL-15)(LHR-17)(AJK-18)
Q.27: How does the cell wall of plants differ from that of prokaryotes? (MLT-17)
Q.28: Compare the cell wall of a plant cell and a prokaryotic cell. (GJR-22)
Q.29: Is there any similarity between bacterial and plant cell wall?
CYTOPLASM
Q.30: What is cytosol? (FSL-14)
Q.31: What are sol and gel?
Q.32: Differentiate between sol and gel.
Q.33: Give important functions of cytoplasm. (LHR-15)(AJK-16)(SRG-19)
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Q.34: What are endoplasmic reticulum and cisternae?
Q.35: How many types of endoplasmic reticulum are present? (BWP-15)
Q.36: How smooth endoplasmic reticulum is different from rough endoplasmic reticulum? (GJR-16)
Q.37: Give three functions of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. OR Write four important functions of endoplasmic reticulum. (GJR-15)(MLT-15,18)(BWP-17)(LHR-18)(SWL-18)(FSL-19)(RWP-22)
RIBOSOMES
Q.38: What are ribosomes? What is their chemical composition?
Q.39: What are the two subunits in ribosomes, and how their attachment is controlled? (MLT-15)(RWP-17)
Q.40: Define the term polysome. Also give its function. (SRG-15)(AJK-15)(BWP-16)(MLT-17)(GJR-19)
Q.41: What is the factory of synthesis of proteins and ribosomes? (LHR-22)
Q.42: Where are new ribosomes assembled? (DGK-16)
Q.43: What is the factory of synthesis of proteins and ribosomes? (LHR-22)
Q.44: Where are new ribosomes assembled? (DGK-16)
GOLGI APPARATUS
Q.45: What is Golgi complex?
Q.46: Differentiate between the forming face and maturing face of Golgi apparatus.
Q.47: What are cell secretions? How are they formed and transported?
Q.48: State various structural modifications in a cell involved in secretions.
Q.49: Where proteins are synthesized within the cells? Also give their way out of the cells. (MLT-22)
Q.50: Write down two functions of Golgi complex. (LHR-17)(GJR-18)
LYSOSOMES
Q.51: What is phagocytosis?
Q.52: Which organelle of the cell engulfs the foreign objects, also give the purpose of this process. (LHR-22)
Q.53: Why organelles of the cells engulf the foreign objects? (MLT-22)
Q.54: Differentiate between primary lysosomes and secondary lysosomes.
Q.55: What are autophagosomes? (DGK-17)(LHR-18)
Q.56: What is autophagy? Explain briefly.
Q.57: How does autophagy help in converting a tadpole larva into an adult amphibian?
Q.58: Give functions of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells. (LHR-14)
Q.59: What are congenital diseases? Give examples. (RWP-15)(MLT-17)
Q.60: What are storage diseases? Give at least their two examples. (SWL-14,17)(GJR-14,15)(LHR-15)(RWP-15)(MLT-17,18,19)
Q.61: What is glycogenosis type II disease? (MLT-14)(RWP-19)
Q.62: Define tay-Sach’s disease. (MLT-16)(RWP-18)(FSL-19)
Q.63: What are peroxisomes? (FSL-14)(LHR-15)(MLT-19)
Q.64: Why name peroxisome was applied for this organelle? (SRG-22)
Q.65: Write the role of glyoxysomes. (LHR-15,16)(DGK-18)
Q.66: How peroxisomes are different from glyoxysomes? (BWP-14)(SRG-16)
Q.67: What is glyoxylate cycle?
VACUOLES
Q.68: What are the functions of vacuole? OR Give role of vacuole in plant cell. (LHR-19)
CYTOSKELETON
Q.69: Give role and composition of cytoskeleton. (GJR-17)
Q.70: How microtubules differ from microfilaments? (SRG-15)(RWP-16,18)(LHR-17)(FSL-18)(GJR-18)(BWP-19)
Q.71: What are microtubules? Give their functions. (MLT-19)
Q.72: What are microfilaments? Give their functions. (SRG-15)(LHR-17)
Q.73: What are intermediate filaments? OR How intermediate filaments support cell? (LHR-17,19)
CENTRIOLE
Q.74: What is the position of centrioles in the cell? What is their role? (GJR-15)
Q.76: How is centriole important for cell? (SRG-22)
Q.76: Give any two important functions of centrioles. (GJR-14,15)(AJK-17)(SRG-18)
MITOCHONDRIA
Q.77: What are cristae? (DGK-16)
Q.78: How cristae differ from cisternae? (DGK-15)(GJR-15,16)(SWL-17)(FSL-22)
Q.79: In what way mitochondrial matrix is of vital importance? (RWP-22)
Q.80: How outer and inner membranes of mitochondria differ from each other? (FSL-17)
Q.81: What are F1 particles? OR Differentiate F1 particles from cristae. (AJK-16)
Q.82: Why is mitochondrion called self-replicating organelle? (SWL-16)(DGK-16)(FSL-22)
Q.83: Why is mitochondrion called the power house of the cell? (GJR-15)(DGK-22)
Q.84: Give role of mitochondria in the cell. (SWL-19)
Q.85: List the processes blocked by mitochondrial failure in a cell.
PLASTIDS
Q.86: What are plastids? Give functions of one of them. (SWL-14)(SRG-16)
Q.87: What are chloroplasts? Give their functions.
Q.88: What is stroma? Give its functions. (MLT-14)(FSL-16)(GJR-17)(RWP-17)
Q.89: What are thylakoid and granum? OR How does thylakoid differ from granum? (DGK-15,16)(BWP-18)
Q.90: What do you know about intergranum? (SWL-15)
Q.91: Differentiate between chromoplasts and leucoplasts. (BWP-14)(MLT-14,19)(LHR-15)(DGK-15)(RWP-17)(FSL-17,18,19)(SWL-19)
Q.92: What are chromoplasts? Give their functions. OR How chromoplast helps in plant life cycle? (MLT-14)(LHR-15)(DGK-19)(AJK-19)
NUCLEUS
Q.93: When is the nucleus of the cell visible? (DGK-16)
Q.94: Differentiate between mononucleate and binucleate cells. Give examples. (MLT-18)
Q.95: What are nuclear pores? What are their functions? (DGK-15)
Q.96: What are chromosomes? Why are they important? (GJR-17)
Q.97: What is nucleolus? Give its functions. (LHR-18)(AJK-18)
Q.98: What is centromere? Give its role. (BWP-18)
Q.99: What will happen if a chromosome loses its centromere?
PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELL
Q.100: Write down any two differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (DGK-17)(RWP-17)(MLT-18)
Q.101: What is murein? (DGK-14)
Q.102: What is sacculus?
Q.103: Name any two structures/organelles which are common in plant cell, animal cell and prokaryotic cell. (GJR-22)
LONG QUESTIONS
PLASMA MEMBRANE
Q.01: Describe the structure and function of plasma membrane. (AJK-16,19)(SWL-16,19,22)(DJK-17,19)(LHR-18)(MLT-19)(GJR-22)
Q.02: Describe the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane. (BWP-16)(RWP-16)
CELL WALL
Q.03: Discuss structure and chemical composition of cell wall. (LHR-22)
CYTOPLASM
Q.04: Define cell cytoplasm. Explain its functions. (MLT-18)
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Q.05: Write a detailed note on endoplasmic reticulum. (FSL-14,19)(DGK-15)(LHR-15,22)(SRG-16)(MLT-17)
Q.06: What is endoplasmic reticulum? Write its types and functions. (FSL-22)
RIBOSOMES
Q.07: Write a note on ribosomes. (LHR-15)
GOLGI APPARATUS
Q.08: Write a note on Golgi apparatus. (MLT-15,16)(FSL-18)
LYSOSOMES
Q.09: Explain the structure and function of lysosomes. (LHR-17,18)
Q.10: What are lysosomes? Give their functions. (LHR-17)(DGK-18
GLYOXISOMES
Q.11: Write a note on glyoxysomes. (LHR-15)(BWP-18)
CYTOSKELETON
Q.12: Write a note on cytoskeleton. (GJR-18)(MLT-19)
MITOCHONDRIA
Q.13: Describe the structure and functions of mitochondria. (SRG-15)(FSL-15,19)(LHR-16,19)(MLT-18)(DGK-22)
Q.14: Write a note on mitochondria. (MLT-16)(BWP-17)(GJR-17)(RWP-17)
PLASTIDS
Q.15: Write a note on plastids. (MLT-14)(BWP-15)(DGK-16)(GJR-16,19)(FSL-16)
Q.16: What are plastids? Write their three types in detail. (SRG-22)(MLT-22)
Q.17: What are plastids? Explain structure and function of chloroplast. (SWL-14)(GJR-14,15)(LHR-16,19)(DGK-18)(SRG-18)(RWP-19)
Q.18: Show the similarities and differences in structure and functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts. (DGK-15)
NUCLEUS
Q.19: Give structure and function of nucleus. (SRG-19)
Q.20: Write a detailed note on chromosomes. (SWL-17)
PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Q.21: Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (SRG-14)(AJK-15)(DGK-16,19)(MLT-17)(FSL-17)
Q.22: Compare prokaryotic cell with that of eukaryotic cell. (DGK-22)
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